AIOU 221 Solved Assignment Autumn 2025

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ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY

(Department of English)

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WARNING

1. Plagiarism or hiring of ghost writer(s) for solving the assignment(s) will debar the student from award of degree/certificate if found at any stage.

2. Submitting assignment(s) borrowed or stolen from other(s) as one's own will be penalized as defined in the "Aiou Plagiarism Policy".

Assignment Submission Schedule
6 Credit Hours	Due Date	3 Credit Hours	Due Date
Assignment 1	15-12-2025	Assignment 1	08-01-2026
Assignment 2	08-01-2026
Assignment 3	30-01-2026	Assignment 2	20-02-2026
Assignment 4	20-02-2026

Course: Functional English-II (221)	Semester: Autumn,2025
Level: Matric / SSC

Please read the following instructions for writing your assignments. (SSC, HSSC & BA Programmes)
1. All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks but within a question the marks are distributed according to its requirements.
2. Read the question carefully and then answer it according to the requirements of the questions.
3. Late submission of assignments will not be accepted.
4. Your own analysis and synthesis will be appreciated.
5. Avoid irrelevant discussion/information and reproducing from books, study guide of allied material.

Total Marks: 100	Pass Marks: 40

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ASSIGNMENT No. 1

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Q1. You are out in the market and your mother texted you a list of ten items that she wants you to bring. She forgot to mention the quantity of the items. Call her cellphone and ask her the quantity of each item she wants you to buy. Write that quantity against each item below:

S. No.	Items	Quantity
i	Flour
ii	Sugar
iii	Bath Soap
iv	Shampoo
v	Milk
vi	Butter
vii	Ketchup
viii	Vegetables
ix	Cooking Oil
x	Salt

▶

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S. No.	Items	Quantity
i	Flour	13 kg
ii	Sugar	20 kg
iii	Bath Soap	12 Pieces
iv	Shampoo	3 bottles
v	Milk	15 liters
vi	Butter	500g
vii	Ketchup	04 bottle
viii	Vegetables	4 kg
ix	Cooking Oil	5 liters
x	Salt	08 kg

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Q2. Based on Question 1, write a dialogue between you and the shopkeeper. Mention your required quantity of the above items. Use the expressions of request and quantity (used in the dialogues in Unit 1, page 6). Ask for each item separately, one by one. ▶

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You: Good morning, uncle. Could I have 13 kg of flour, please?

Shopkeeper: Sure. Anything else?

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You: Yes, I also need 20 kg of sugar.

Shopkeeper: Okay, 20 kg sugar. What next?

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You: I would like 12 pieces of bath soap.

Shopkeeper: Alright, 12 pieces.

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You: Can I have 3 bottles of shampoo as well?

Shopkeeper: Yes, no problem.

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You: I also need 15 liters of milk.

Shopkeeper: Noted. 15 liters of milk.

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You: Could I get 500 g of butter?

Shopkeeper: Sure, 500 g butter.

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You: I would like 4 bottles of ketchup too.

Shopkeeper: Okay, 4 bottles ketchup.

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You: I need 4 kg of vegetables as well.

Shopkeeper: Alright, 4 kg vegetables.

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You: Can I have 5 liters of cooking oil?

Shopkeeper: Yes, 5 liters.

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You: Finally, I need 8 kg of salt, please.

Shopkeeper: Sure, 8 kg salt. Anything else?

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You: That’s all for today. Thank you!

Shopkeeper: You’re welcome.

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Q3. Take help from Unit 1, pages 11-12. Use the following quantity words in your own sentences in such a way that their distinct usage becomes clear. some, any, many, lots of, a lot of, few, much, little, a few, a little ▶

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Some: I bought some apples from the market.

Any: Do you have any sugar left?

Many: There are many books on the library shelf.

Lots of: She has lots of friends in her school.

A lot of: We drank a lot of water after the long walk.

Few: Few students attended the extra class.

Much: How much milk do we need for the recipe?

Little: There is little hope of finishing the work today.

A few: I bought a few oranges for breakfast.

A little: Add a little salt to the soup for taste.

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Q4. How would you make a formal request in the following situations?

i. You are at a grocery store, and you want to buy some vegetables.
ii. You are at a pharmacy, and you want to buy medicine.
iii. You are at a shoe shop, and you need UK No. 7 shoes.
iv. You are in a hospital, and you want to see the physician.
v. You are at an auto-workshop, and you want to change your bike’s engine oil.
vi. You are at a bookshop, and you need a good Urdu grammar book.
vii. You are at a fruit shop, and you need 2 kg of mangoes.
viii. You are at an auto-store, and you want to install a horn in your scooter.
ix. You are at a hairdresser, and you want to have your hair cut.
x. You are at a dentist’s clinic, and you want to get your teeth examined. ▶

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i. You are at a grocery store, and you want to buy some vegetables.
Excuse me, could I please buy some fresh vegetables?

ii. You are at a pharmacy, and you want to buy medicine.
Good morning, may I have this medicine, please?

iii. You are at a shoe shop, and you need UK No. 7 shoes.
Hello, could you please show me a pair of UK No. 7 shoes?

iv. You are in a hospital, and you want to see the physician.
Excuse me, I would like to see the physician, please.

v. You are at an auto-workshop, and you want to change your bike’s engine oil.
Good afternoon, could you please change my bike’s engine oil?

vi. You are at a bookshop, and you need a good Urdu grammar book.
Hello, may I have a good Urdu grammar book, please?

vii. You are at a fruit shop, and you need 2 kg of mangoes.
Excuse me, could I get 2 kg of mangoes, please?

viii. You are at an auto-store, and you want to install a horn in your scooter.
Good morning, I would like to have a horn installed in my scooter, please.

ix. You are at a hairdresser, and you want to have your hair cut.
Hello, could you please cut my hair?

x. You are at a dentist’s clinic, and you want to get your teeth examined.
Good morning, may I have my teeth examined, please?

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Q5. When you see someone in a situation, you give them suggestions. In unit 2, page 28 you have read about ‘Giving Suggestions’. Give suggestions to the people who are facing the following problems.

1. Saeed smokes cigarettes, so he has a bad chest.
2. I had dinner outside, and I have an upset stomach now.
3. My sister has developed migraine.
4. My cat has caught a cough.
5. Abida’s cellphone is not working. ▶

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1. Saeed smokes cigarettes, so he has a bad chest.
You should stop smoking and see a doctor for a check-up. Drinking warm fluids and doing light exercises may also help improve your chest health.

2. I had dinner outside, and I have an upset stomach now.
You should drink plenty of water and avoid heavy food for a while. Eating light meals and resting may help your stomach feel better.

3. My sister has developed migraine.
She should rest in a quiet and dark room and avoid stress. Using a cold compress on the forehead and taking prescribed medicine may help relieve the migraine.

4. My cat has caught a cough.
You should take your cat to the veterinarian for proper treatment. Keep it warm and make sure it drinks enough water.

5. Abida’s cellphone is not working.
She should try restarting the phone first. If it still doesn’t work, taking it to a service center for repair would be the best solution.

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Q6. Write a short paragraph (approximately 100 words) on any of the following topics:

i. Morning Walk
ii. Importance of Reading ▶

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Morning Walk A morning walk is a healthy habit that benefits both the body and mind. Walking early in the morning provides fresh air, which energizes the body and improves blood circulation. It strengthens the heart, muscles, and lungs, keeping the body fit. A morning walk also helps to reduce stress and clears the mind, preparing us for a productive day. Walking in a park or a green area allows us to enjoy nature and feel relaxed. Making a morning walk a daily routine is an easy way to stay healthy and happy.

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Importance of Reading Reading is an essential habit that enriches the mind and soul. It improves knowledge, vocabulary, and comprehension skills while stimulating creativity and imagination. Reading books, newspapers, or articles helps us stay informed about the world and develop critical thinking. It also strengthens concentration and focus, which are useful in studies and daily life. Reading regularly can be both educational and entertaining, offering new ideas and perspectives. Cultivating the habit of reading from a young age ensures lifelong learning and personal growth. It is a key to success and wisdom in life.

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Q7(a). Read Unit 3, which is about ‘Cause and Effect’. Write five sentences highlighting the effect and 5 sentences highlighting the cause. Use the words such as therefore, so, because etc.

For Example:
Effect: “It was tired yesterday, so I couldn’t come to your house”.
Cause: “I couldn’t go to the market because it was raining”. ▶

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1. I forgot my umbrella, so I got completely wet in the rain.
I got wet because it was raining heavily.

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2. She studied hard, therefore she passed the exam with excellent marks.
She passed the exam because she studied diligently every day.

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3. The train was delayed, so we reached home late.
We reached home late because the train was delayed.

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4. He did not eat breakfast, hence he felt dizzy in the morning.
He felt dizzy because he skipped his breakfast.

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5. The road was slippery, so the car skidded.
The car skidded because the road was slippery.

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Q7(b). What advice would you give to the following people?

i. Sana is suffering from anxiety.
ii. Akbar has a bad chest.
iii. Naila’s sister has developed pneumonia.
iv. Asif cannot read and write English.
v. Qasim is extremely upset due to the office workload. ▶

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i. Sana is suffering from anxiety.
You should try to relax and take deep breaths. Practicing meditation or yoga and talking to a counselor may help reduce your anxiety.

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ii. Akbar has a bad chest.
You should see a doctor as soon as possible. Avoid smoking and stay away from dusty or polluted places. Drinking warm fluids may also help.

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iii. Naila’s sister has developed pneumonia.
She should consult a doctor immediately and take the prescribed medicine. Resting and drinking plenty of fluids will help her recover faster.

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iv. Asif cannot read and write English.
You should start learning English gradually, beginning with simple words and sentences. Joining a class or practicing daily with books can improve your skills.

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v. Qasim is extremely upset due to the office workload.
You should take short breaks during work and try to prioritize tasks. Talking to a supervisor or organizing your work may reduce stress.

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Q8. Read exercise 3 in Unit 3, and write the definitions of the following words. Consult a dictionary to help you write their definitions.

i. War
ii. Battle
iii. Skirmish
iv. Quarrel
v. Fight ▶

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i. War:
War is a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups, often involving large-scale violence and destruction.

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ii. Battle:
A battle is a fight between armed forces or groups during a war, usually taking place at a specific time and place.

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iii. Skirmish:
A skirmish is a small or brief fight between soldiers or groups, often less organized than a battle.

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iv. Quarrel:
A quarrel is an angry argument or disagreement between people, usually over a personal matter.

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v. Fight:
A fight is a physical or verbal struggle between individuals or groups, involving effort to defeat or resist each other.

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ASSIGNMENT No. 2

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Q1. Read Pages 67-68 of Unit 4. You talk to your friend about your father very often, and he/she has become fond of him. Write a description of your father for your friend. Use appropriate adjectives to describe features of his personality.
Example. He is in his 40s. He is tall and slim..... ▶

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My father is in his early 50s. He is tall and has a strong, athletic build. His hair is mostly black with a few streaks of gray, which make him look distinguished. He has kind, warm eyes that always make people feel comfortable, and his smile is gentle but full of confidence.

He is very hardworking and disciplined, yet he has a great sense of humor that can lighten up any serious moment. He is thoughtful and caring, always ready to help others, and he treats everyone with respect. He is patient and wise, often giving advice that is both practical and encouraging. Spending time with him always feels safe and inspiring because of his honesty, kindness, and positive attitude.

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Q2. You have befriended Robert / Amanda while chatting on a social media application. He / She is interested to know about you. Write your description to him / her. Mention your age, address, height, education, complexion, hobby, personality. ▶

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Hi Robert,

I am 18 years old and currently live in Karachi. I am about 5 feet 8 inches tall and have a fair complexion. I am a student and studying in college. One of my favorite hobbies is reading, especially stories and articles that help me learn new things. I also enjoy playing cricket in my free time.

People say I am friendly and easy-going. I like helping others and I try to stay positive in every situation. I am also curious by nature and enjoy discovering new ideas and experiences.

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Q3. In Unit 5, page 82, you have read about expressions of permission and request. Use these expressions to seek permission or request the following people.

i. Librarian
ii. Tutor
iii. Your Uncle
iv. Gatekeeper of a Bank
v. Rickshaw Driver ▶

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i. Librarian
Excuse me, may I borrow this book for a week?

ii. Tutor
Sir, could you please explain this problem to me again?

iii. Your Uncle
Uncle, may I go out with my friends today?

iv. Gatekeeper of a Bank
Sir, would it be possible for me to meet the manager?

v. Rickshaw Driver
Sir, can you please take me to Clifton?

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Q4. Unit 5 deals with ‘Using a Library’. Read the unit carefully and write any five of the most useful features of a library in your own words. ▶

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1. A library provides a wide collection of books, magazines, and newspapers for reading and learning.

2. It has a quiet and peaceful environment, which helps in studying and concentrating.

3. Libraries often provide reference materials like dictionaries, encyclopedias, and journals for research.

4. Many libraries have computers and internet access to help find information quickly.

5. They allow people to borrow books, so you can read them at home and return them later.

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Q5. Refer to Unit 5. Explain why the following books in the libraries are most widely used.

i. Dictionaries
ii. Atlas
iii. Encyclopedia
iv. Almanacs
v. Tafseer ▶

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(i) Dictionaries: They provide the meanings, pronunciation, and correct spellings of words, helping students, writers, and readers understand language better.

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(ii) Atlas: An atlas contains maps of countries, cities, and continents, helping people study geography and locate places easily.

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(iii) Encyclopedia: Encyclopedias give detailed information on a variety of subjects, making them very helpful for research and gaining general knowledge.

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(iv) Almanacs: Almanacs provide yearly information about weather, festivals, holidays, and important events, which is useful for planning and learning about the year.

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(v) Tafseer: Tafseer books explain the meanings and interpretations of the Quran, helping people understand religious teachings deeply.

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Q6. Refer to Unit 6, page 104, some words are given in the box. Arrange all these words in alphabetical order.
Tall, Fall, Wall, Mall, Shawl, Male, Wail, Fail, Hail, Tale, Shower, Hover, Grower, Dire, Seer. ▶

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1. Dire

2. Fail

3. Fall

4. Grower

5. Hail

6. Hover

7. Male

8. Mall

9. Tale

10. Tall

11. Wail

12. Wall

13. Seer

14. Shawl

15. Shower

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Q7. Read the passage given in Unit 6, page116. Search for those simpler words that mean almost the same as the difficult words. You may find the explanation or simpler words from within the text.

S. No.	Words	Synonyms
1	Share
2	Enriching
3	Nervous
4	Awed
5	Rituals
6	Approached
7	Overwhelming
8	Perspective
9	Outlook
10	Drastic

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S. No.	Words	Synonyms
1	Share	Give
2	Enriching	Improving
3	Nervous	Worried
4	Awed	Amazed
5	Rituals	Customs
6	Approached	Came near
7	Overwhelming	Powerful
8	Perspective	View
9	Outlook	Attitude
10	Drastic	Extreme

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Q8. Refer to Unit 6, exercise 16. Read the text “The Experience” and fill in the grammar chart below with 3 words in each column.

Nouns	Verbs	Adjectives	Pronouns	Past Tense

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Nouns	Verbs	Adjectives	Pronouns	Past Tense
experience	walk	exciting	he	walked
forest	see	beautiful	she	saw
river	enjoy	peaceful	they	enjoyed
path	listen	quiet	we	listened
birds	run	colorful	it	ran
mountain	climb	high	I	climbed
sun	watch	bright	you	watched
flowers	smell	fragrant	they	smelled
trail	explore	narrow	we	explored
cave	discover	dark	he	discovered

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