Showing posts with label AIOU ICOM Solved Assignments. Show all posts
Showing posts with label AIOU ICOM Solved Assignments. Show all posts

AIOU 0387 Solved Assignments Spring 2025

AIOU 0387 Compulsory English II Solved Assignment 1 Spring 2025


AIOU 0387 Assignment 1


Q1. Read Unit 1 to learn how to express your likes and dislikes and then make 10 sentences (2 each) expressing your likes and dislikes regarding the following. Use a different expression each time. Follow the example.
I enjoy cooking.
I don’t like cooking at all.

1. Shopping:

I absolutely love going shopping with friends.
I'm not a fan of shopping in crowded malls.

2. Exercise:

I really enjoy exercising in the morning—it energizes me.
I can’t stand intense workouts that leave me exhausted.

3. Hiking:

Hiking in the mountains fills me with joy and peace.
I dislike hiking in extreme weather conditions—it’s too tiring.

4. Fishing:

I find fishing by the lakeside incredibly relaxing.
I don’t enjoy waiting for hours while fishing—it’s boring to me.

5. Fruit Salad:

I’m quite fond of fresh fruit salads during summer.
I dislike fruit salads with overly ripe or mushy fruits.

6. Documentary:

Watching a fascinating documentary on history excites me.
I can’t bear documentaries that are dry and unengaging.

7. Cricket:

I love watching live cricket matches—they’re so thrilling!
I don’t like cricket games that end in a draw—it feels unsatisfying.

8. Talking:

I enjoy having deep and meaningful conversations with close friends.
I’m not too keen on small talk with strangers.

9. Yoga:

Practicing yoga helps me relax and focus—I enjoy it a lot.
I don’t like yoga sessions that are too long and slow-paced.

10. Moonlight:

I absolutely adore spending quiet evenings under the moonlight.
I’m not fond of moonlit nights when it’s too cold outside.


Q2. Look at the title pages/covers of two different books given below. What does each title tell you about the book? Write five sentences (each) guessing the contents each book may have. Read Unit 1 for guidance on previewing.

Tell me about... HUMAN BODY:

1. The book might explain the various systems of the human body, such as the skeletal, circulatory, and digestive systems.

2. It may detail how organs like the heart, lungs, and brain work to keep the body functioning.

3. The book could include facts about growth, development, and how the body repairs itself.

4. There might be sections on maintaining health through diet, exercise, and hygiene.

5. Engaging illustrations and simple language could make it fun and accessible for young readers.


Tell me about... PLANTS:

1. The book could describe the structure of plants, including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds.

2. It might explain the process of photosynthesis and how plants produce their food.

3. The book may include different types of plants, such as trees, shrubs, and herbs, along with their uses.

4. There could be information about the importance of plants in the ecosystem and their role in providing oxygen.

5. Colorful images and easy-to-understand explanations might aim to inspire curiosity in children about nature.


Q3. Use the following words in sentences showing your intentions/plans. Follow the example. Read Unit 2 for guidance.
Example: I may join a college.
Going to, Intend, Thinking, Decided, May, Will, Interested, Would.

i. They may come tomorrow.

ii. She will give an interview.

iii. He is interested in architecture.

iv. I intend to buy a new shirt.

v. Their mother has decided.

vi. Nasir would be gone by then.

vii. I am going to tell her.

viii. We may see them again.

ix. I am thinking about skipping my class.

x. Zara has not taken any decisions.


Q4. Read Unit 3 on how to give instructions and then write ten sentences giving instructions to your friend regarding how to play your favorite game. Follow the example.
Example: You have to throw the ball as fast as possible.

  1. You have to kick the ball toward your teammate carefully.
  2. Make sure to pass the ball quickly to avoid losing possession.
  3. Keep your eyes on the ball and stay aware of your surroundings.
  4. Try to dribble past the defenders with controlled moves.
  5. Aim for the corners of the goal when taking a shot.
  6. You need to tackle your opponent cleanly without fouling.
  7. Always communicate with your teammates during the game.
  8. Maintain your position and follow the team's strategy.
  9. Run back quickly to defend when the opponent has the ball.
  10. Never forget to have fun and enjoy the game!

Q5. Write an informal letter to your neighbour congratulating them on buying a new motorbike. Read Unit 3 for guidance on writing informal letters.


House No# 37-B, Block B
North Karachi
Karachi.

Dear Fazal Ali,

I hope this letter finds you in great spirits! I just heard the fantastic news that you’ve bought a new motorbike, and I couldn’t be happier for you. Congratulations!

Owning a motorbike is such an exciting milestone, and I’m sure it feels amazing to have a new set of wheels to explore the city and beyond. I bet it looks stunning—sleek design, shiny finish, and that distinct roar of the engine! You must already be looking forward to some thrilling rides.

Maybe you can take it for a spin along the coastline or head out to the mountains on a sunny weekend. It’s a perfect way to experience freedom and adventure! Let me know if you’re planning any rides—I’d love to hear all about your adventures. Also, if you ever need company for a road trip, count me in.

Once again, congratulations on your motorbike! Enjoy every moment and ride safely. Wishing you lots of happy journeys ahead.

Warm regards,
Talha Shakeel


Q6. You have read in unit 4 how to ask questions to get information. Make question sentences using the following points for getting information. Example:
Place of book from mother
Where are my books mother?

  1. Recitation of the Holy Quran from mother.
    Where is the recitation of the Holy Quran, mother?

  2. Delivery time from post office.
    What is the delivery time at the post office?

  3. Lecture time from playfellow.
    When is the lecture time, playfellow?

  4. End of the movie from a friend.
    When does the movie end, friend?

  5. Review on book from teacher.
    What is your review on the book, teacher?

  6. Taste of dish from guests.
    How does the dish taste, guests?

  7. Colour of fabric from the shopkeeper.
    What is the color of this fabric, shopkeeper?

  8. Problem in the laptop from a software expert.
    What is the problem in the laptop, software expert?

  9. Place of hotel from a stranger.
    Where is the hotel located, stranger?

  10. Time of coming from father.
    When will you be coming, father?

Q7. Write a job application letter to the Editor of a newspaper for the vacant post of an assistant. Read Unit 5 to learn how to write job application letters.


ABC Co. - Vacancy Announcement

Position: Assistant
Location: Karachi

We are seeking a motivated, organized, and dedicated individual to join our team as an Assistant.

Key Responsibilities:

  • Provide administrative and clerical support to the team.
  • Organize and schedule appointments, meetings, and travel arrangements.
  • Manage correspondence and maintain records.
  • Assist in preparing reports, presentations, and other documents.

Requirements:

  • Strong organizational and time-management skills.
  • Proficiency in MS Office tools.
  • Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.
  • Prior experience in a similar role is preferred but not mandatory.

Why Join Us?

  • Positive and dynamic work environment.
  • Competitive salary package.
  • Opportunities for professional growth.

Application Deadline: 30th April 2025

How to Apply: Interested candidates are requested to send their resume to assistant.jobs@dummyemail.com or contact us at +92 333 456 7890.

Address: ABC Co, Head Office, Block 7, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi

Take the first step in becoming part of our team!


Q8. Read the passage quickly and state what it is about. Also, suggest a suitable title for the passage. Read unit 5 for guidance on speed reading.

Jack was hungry. He walked to the kitchen. He got out some eggs. He took out some oil. He placed a skillet on the stove. Next, he turned on the heat. He poured the oil into the skillet. He cracked the eggs into a bowl. He stirred the eggs. Then, he poured them into the hot skillet. He waited while the eggs were cooked. They cooked for two minutes. He heard them cooking. They popped in the oil. Next, Jack put the eggs on a plate. He placed the plate on the dining room table. Jack loved looking at his eggs. They looked pretty on the white plate. He sat down in the large wooden chair. He thought about the day ahead. He ate the eggs with a spoon. They were good. He washed the plate with dishwashing soap. Then, he washed the pan. He got a sponge damp. Finally, he wiped down the table. Next, Jack watched TV.


Suggested Title: "Jack's Morning Routine with Eggs"

The passage describes Jack preparing and eating his breakfast (eggs), followed by cleaning up and then watching TV. It emphasizes the step-by-step process of his morning routine.



AIOU 0387 Compulsory English II Solved Assignment 2 Spring 2025


AIOU 0387 Assignment 2


Q1. Some common habits are given below. Make sentences by approving or disapproving them according to your own choice. Use a different expression each time. Read Unit 6 for guidance. Example:
Shopping: I disapprove of the people who go for shopping all the time.

i. Smoking: I strongly disapprove of smoking as it harms health.

ii. Jogging: I encourage jogging as it’s great for staying fit.

iii. Reading: I wholeheartedly support reading for gaining knowledge.

iv. Telling lie: I condemn telling lies because honesty is vital.

v. Drinking milk: I approve of drinking milk for better bone health.

vi. Fighting: I disapprove of fighting; peaceful resolution is better.

vii. Cooking: I enjoy cooking as it’s a creative and essential skill.

viii. Cycling: I promote cycling for exercise and eco-friendly travel.

ix. Bullying: I completely reject bullying; kindness matters most.

x. Day Dreaming: I appreciate daydreaming when it inspires creativity.


Q2. Rewrite the following avoiding unnecessary words. Unit 6 teaches you how to do that.

i. At this point in time we can't ascertain the reason as to why the screen door was left open.
We can't yet determine why the screen door was left open.

ii. My sister, who is employed as a nutritionist at a University, recommends a daily intake of Vitamin C.
My sister, a university nutritionist, recommends daily Vitamin C intake.

iii. There is a desire on the part of many of us to maintain a spring recess for the purpose of getting away from the demands of our studies.
Many of us want to keep spring recess to escape study demands.

iv. At what point in time will a downturn in the stock market have a really serious effect on the social life of people as a whole?
When will a stock market downturn seriously affect people's social lives?

v. He went on study leave for a period of three years.
He took three years of study leave.


Q3. Write a paragraph about the traditional marriage ceremony using sequence markers. Read about sequencing in unit 7.

A traditional marriage ceremony follows a series of important steps. First, the families of the bride and groom meet to finalize the arrangements and confirm the date. Next, the festivities begin with colorful pre-wedding rituals, such as the bride's henna application or the groom’s preparation ceremonies. Then, on the wedding day, the couple exchanges vows in the presence of their family and friends. After that, a grand feast is served, celebrating the union with delicious traditional dishes. Finally, the newlyweds leave for their new home amidst heartfelt blessings and cheerful goodbyes.


Q4. Fill in the blanks using appropriate sequence markers. Read unit 7 for guidance.

Initially, I visited Karachi to attend a business conference. Later, I decided to visit the Museum. Unfortunately, my flight was delayed. Moreover, the airline lost my luggage, so I had to wait for two hours at the airport while they tracked it down. Unexpectedly, the luggage had been set aside and forgotten. Once they found my luggage, I found a taxi and rode into town. During the ride into town, the driver told me about his last visit to the Museum. Eventually, I had arrived safely, and everything began to go smoothly. Later, I caught my flight back to Islamabad. Thankfully, everything went smoothly. Finally, I arrived home just in time to kiss my daughter goodnight.


Q5. In Unit 8 we learnt how to use prefixes and suffixes. Fill in the table with words using the prefixes and suffixes given. Read unit 8 for guidance on vocabulary development.

Prefix/Suffix Examples
Re- Rebuild, Rewrite, Reuse, Recharge, Revisit, Reorganize, Replace, Reapply, Recover, Reconstruct
-Full Joyful, Beautiful, Helpful, Respectful, Painful, Peaceful, Powerful, Cheerful, Thoughtful, Meaningful
Non- Nonstop, Nonprofit, Nonsense, Nonexistent, Nonessential, Nonverbal, Nonrenewable, Nonaligned, Nonflammable, Nonresident
-Ily Happily, Quietly, Quickly, Carefully, Lazily, Angrily, Softly, Beautifully, Honestly, Sadly
Pre- Preview, Preschool, Prepaid, Preheat, Preplan, Preorder, Predefine, Predict, Prepare, Prehistoric


Q6. Read the vocabulary given below. Write down 5 associated words for each using associations and connections. Read unit 8 for vocabulary development. Example: Star:-Galaxy, bright, shine, light, ray.

Trees: Forest, leaves, trunk, roots, oxygen

Plastic: Recycle, bottles, pollution, synthetic, packaging

Animals: Wildlife, habitat, fur, mammals, species

Crockery: Plates, cups, dishes, bowls, porcelain

Letter: Envelope, stamp, handwriting, message, post

Family: Parents, siblings, home, love, relatives

Electronics: Gadgets, circuits, technology, devices, batteries

Music: Melody, rhythm, instruments, harmony, songs

Exercise: Fitness, workout, jogging, energy, health

Room: Walls, furniture, bed, carpet, window


Q7. Write a paragraph about the image created in your mind by reading the following poem. Take help from Unit 9, Introduction to Poetry.

The poem paints a delicate and enchanting image of nature's dance with rain. As I read it, I imagine a quiet countryside where soft drops of rain gently fall on an apple tree, roof, and eaves, bringing life to the surroundings. The drops seem playful, as if they are laughing with the gables and teaming up to aid the brook on its journey to the sea. The mention of pearls evokes an elegant vision of rain transforming into precious gems, creating necklaces that adorn the earth. The roads, refreshed by the rain, mirror newfound vitality, while birds sing joyfully, celebrating this vibrant transformation. Sunshine appears carefree, throwing its hat away, revealing glittering orchards bedecked with rain’s touch. Breezes carry melodies of rejuvenated tunes, their melancholy bathed in joy, while the East raises a flag symbolizing the climax of this festive interaction, concluding the celebration with grace. It's a captivating interplay of elements that blend mirth, serenity, and grandeur seamlessly.


Q8. Write ten sentences having words with alliteration. Follow the examples. Consult unit 9 for guidance. Examples:
Our financial future fell into a free fall.
Change the channel for Canada.
The barbarians broke through the barricade.

  1. Bold birds basked beneath the bright blue sky.
  2. Peter proudly planted petite pansies in the park.
  3. The diligent dog dashed down the dusty driveway.
  4. Furious flames flared fiercely in the forest.
  5. The curious cat cautiously crept through the curtains.
  6. Silly squirrels scampered swiftly across the slippery slope.
  7. Tiny turtles toddled timidly toward the tranquil tide.
  8. Mighty mountains made magical memories for many travelers.
  9. The bustling bees buzzed busily near the blooming blossoms.
  10. Dancing daisies decorated the delightful garden delicately.

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AIOU 0386 Solved Assignments Spring 2025

AIOU 0386 Compulsory English-I Solved Assignment 1 Spring 2025


AIOU 0386 Assignment 1


Q1. Formal and informal greetings have been discussed in Unit-2. Write an appropriate greeting for each situation given below and then indicate whether it is a formal or informal greeting.

1. Greet your new teacher on the first day of school. Formal: "Good morning, Sir/Madam. It’s a pleasure to meet you and I’m looking forward to your class!"

2. Seeing your favorite teacher at school. Formal: "Hello, Miss/Mr. [Last Name]! It’s wonderful to see you today!"

3. Reunite with a close friend after months apart. Informal: "Hey! Long time no see—it’s been ages! I’ve really missed you!"

4. Meet your neighbor while taking out the trash. Informal: "Hi there! How’s it going? Hope everything’s alright!"

5. Greeting your younger sibling in the morning. Informal: "Good morning, sleepyhead! Did you finally wake up?"


Q2. Categorize each type of reading material provided below. Categorize them based on their primary purpose. Take guidance from Unit-2 Section B.


Material Reading for Information Reading for Enjoyment Reading for Work
Magical tales
Cartoon strips
School textbooks
News articles
Technical guide
Research papers
Scholarly essay
Graphic novels
Road signs
Illustrated stories
Biographies
Travel handbook
Jokes and riddles
User manuals
Imaginary stories
Encyclopedia entries
How-to guides
Fairy tales
Scientific periodicals


Q3. Following are a few situations of Giving Permission to requests as you have learned in Unit-3 Section A. How would you seek permission in each situation?

1. You are at a movie theater with your friend, and you want to change the seat.
"Do you mind if we switch seats to get a better view?"

2. Your best friend wants to borrow your favorite book.
"Is it okay if I lend you my favorite book? Please promise to take good care of it!"

3. You are in a public park and want to have a picnic with your family.
"Is it alright if we set up a picnic here? This spot looks perfect."

4. You are at a restaurant and want to join your friend.
"Can I join you at your table? It’s such a pleasant surprise to see you here!"

5. You are in a library and want to use your friend’s laptop.
"Would it be alright if I use your laptop for a while? I really need it for my work."


Q4. What Phrases would you use to politely turn down requests in the following situation?

1. Your friend asks to borrow your new bike for a week.
"I’m sorry, but I can’t lend my new bike right now—I need it for my daily commute."

2. Your neighbor asks to park their car in your driveway.
"Unfortunately, I can’t allow parking in my driveway—it’s already in use."

3. Your classmate needs to borrow your pen during an exam.
"I wish I could help, but I’m unable to lend my pen during an exam—it’s not allowed."

4. A friend requests to borrow your brand-new smartphone for the day.
"I’m sorry, but I can’t lend my smartphone at the moment—I need it for work and personal use."

5. Your classmate wants to borrow your pen during an exam.
"Sorry, I can’t lend a pen during an exam—it’s against the rules."


Q5. Describe the meanings of the highlighted words based on the context of the following paragraph.

1. Ingenuity: Refers to the creativity and inventiveness demonstrated by Petra's former inhabitants in designing and constructing the city.

2. Craftsmanship: Describes the skill and artistry of the former inhabitants in creating the intricate structures and architectural details of the city.

3. Inhabitants: Refers to the people who lived in the ancient city of Petra.

4. Facades: The fronts or outer appearances of the buildings, which are elaborately designed and beautifully crafted in Petra.

5. Elegant: Refers to the refined and tasteful style seen in the design elements of Petra’s buildings.

6. Majestic: Describes the grand and awe-inspiring beauty of the Treasury building.

7. Stunning: Refers to the extremely impressive and visually striking architecture of Petra.

8. Captivating: Indicates the enchanting and fascinating nature of Petra, making it a destination that attracts and charms travelers.


Q6. Using the concepts learned in Unit 4, Section A, write a five-sentence description of each person's character given below, highlighting their notable traits and qualities.

1. Malala Yousafzai (Nobel Peace Prize laureate): Malala Yousafzai is a global symbol of courage and resilience, advocating for girls' education despite severe challenges. Her determination to fight for justice and equality has inspired millions around the world. As the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, her leadership showcases her ability to bring attention to critical issues. Malala’s eloquence and humility make her an exceptional humanitarian and role model. Her unwavering commitment to education highlights her vision for a brighter and more equitable future.

2. Abdul Sattar Edhi (Philanthropist): Abdul Sattar Edhi is remembered as one of the greatest humanitarians, having dedicated his life to serving those in need. Through his foundation, he provided vital services such as healthcare, orphanages, and burials for the unclaimed, regardless of background or religion. His simplicity and selflessness were evident in his modest lifestyle and sincere devotion to his mission. Edhi’s profound empathy and generosity touched countless lives, leaving a legacy of compassion and service. He remains an enduring example of altruism and kindness for generations to admire.

3. Wasim Akram (Former cricket player): Wasim Akram is celebrated as one of the finest cricketers in history, known for his innovative skills and mastery in fast bowling. His dedication and excellence helped him achieve numerous accolades, including leading Pakistan to victory in the 1992 Cricket World Cup. His leadership qualities and charisma have made him a mentor and inspiration for aspiring players. Off the field, Wasim’s sportsmanship and contributions to promoting cricket highlight his passion for the game. His remarkable career continues to inspire generations in the sporting world.


Q7. As you've learned, homonyms are words with multiple meanings. Analyze the following sentences and explain the different meanings of the homonyms used in the following sentences.

1. She adorned her hair with a decorative bow.
Bow: Refers to a ribbon tied into a decorative knot or shape, typically used as an accessory.

2. The ship set sail with a new bow.
Bow: Refers to the front section of a ship or boat.

3. They heard a loud crash in the kitchen.
Crash: Refers to a sudden, loud noise caused by something falling or breaking.

4. I need to crash at your place for the night.
Crash: Refers to staying or sleeping temporarily at someone’s place informally.

5. The monkey went near the bank of a river.
Bank: Refers to the land beside a river or stream.

6. I need to deposit my money at the bank.
Bank: Refers to a financial institution where money is deposited, stored, and managed.

7. He caught a cold after standing in the cold wind.
Standing: Refers to the physical act of being upright on one's feet.

8. She couldn't stand his rude behavior.
Stand: Refers to enduring or tolerating something unpleasant.

9. The room had a bright light on the ceiling.
Light: Refers to an artificial source of illumination, such as a lamp or bulb.

10. Light a candle to brighten the dark room.
Light: Refers to the act of igniting something to produce illumination or flame.

11. The plane is ready for takeoff.
Takeoff: Refers to the action of an airplane departing from the ground to begin flying.

12. Please take off your shoes before entering.
Take off: Refers to the action of removing something, in this case, shoes.


Q8. As you've learned in Unit 5, run-on sentences can be corrected using proper punctuation or conjunctions. Revise the following run-on sentences using a period (.), semicolon (;), or conjunction to improve clarity and grammar.

1. I have a sweet tooth, so I enjoy eating ice cream daily.

2. She planned to visit the park, but realized she'd forgotten her umbrella.

3. As a skilled athlete, he earned numerous medals in competitions.

4. I need to purchase groceries, and also pick up the kids from school.

5. They spent the day at the beach and enjoyed the beautiful weather.

6. She's an avid reader, so she can finish a book within a day.

7. The sun shone brightly, and the birds sang sweetly amidst the blooming flowers.

8. Due to the chilly weather, we decided to stay indoors.

9. I'm heading to the store; do you need me to pick up anything for you?

10. After completing my homework, I'll go for a jog and then take a refreshing shower.


AIOU 0386 Compulsory English-I Solved Assignment 2 Spring 2025


AIOU 0386 Assignment 2


Q1. As covered in Unit 6, apologizing sincerely is crucial in various situations. Write a sentence expressing an apology for each of the following scenarios.

1. Forgetting to return a borrowed pen:
"I’m really sorry for forgetting to return your pen—I’ll make sure to get it back to you right away."

2. Accidentally bumping into someone in a crowded area:
"I sincerely apologize for bumping into you—it was unintentional, and I hope you’re okay."

3. Scratching someone's car unintentionally:
"I’m truly sorry for scratching your car—it was unintentional, and I’m willing to cover the repair costs."

4. Forgetting a friend's anniversary:
"I deeply apologize for forgetting your anniversary—I feel terrible and will make it up to you."

5. Misplacing an important document needed by a colleague:
"I’m so sorry for misplacing the document—I take full responsibility and will do everything I can to resolve this."


Q2. As you've learned in Unit 6, descriptive paragraphs paint vivid pictures with words. Write a descriptive paragraph about "A Family Gathering," incorporating some of these cohesive linkers (so, therefore, despite, even, at least, finally).

The aroma of freshly baked bread and sizzling spices filled the air as the family gathered in the cozy living room, their laughter echoing through the house. Despite the usual chaos of preparing for a large meal, everyone seemed to pitch in seamlessly, so the table was set with plates of delicious dishes in no time. Even the youngest family members managed to contribute, carrying napkins or placing cutlery with a sense of pride and joy. At least for the evening, the worries of the week melted away, replaced by warm conversations, shared stories, and heartfelt moments of connection. Therefore, the family felt a sense of unity and warmth as they spent quality time together. Finally, as the night came to a close, the family huddled together for a group photo, capturing not just their smiles but the love that tied them all so closely.


Q3. As covered in Unit 7, expressing opinions effectively involves providing supporting reasons. Read the following issues, state your opinion, and provide a clear reason to justify your stance.
Example:
Issue: Why is it important to reduce plastic waste?
Opinion: In my opinion, it is crucial to reduce plastic waste.
Reason: This is because plastic waste is harmful to the environment.

1. Why is it important to plant trees in your neighborhood?
In my opinion, planting trees in your neighborhood is essential.
This is because trees improve air quality, provide shade, and enhance the overall environment.

2. Why should people exercise regularly for good health?
In my opinion, regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health.
This is because exercise strengthens the body, boosts mental health, and reduces the risk of diseases.

3. Why is recycling an important practice?
In my opinion, recycling is a vital practice.
This is because recycling conserves natural resources, reduces waste, and helps protect the planet.

4. Why should students read books regularly?
In my opinion, students should read books regularly.
This is because reading enhances knowledge, improves vocabulary, and fosters creativity.

5. Why should people respect others' privacy?
In my opinion, respecting others' privacy is very important.
This is because it promotes trust, ensures personal boundaries, and safeguards individual dignity.


Q4. As discussed in Unit 7, a well-structured paragraph typically consists of a topic sentence followed by supporting details. Complete the paragraphs by adding at least three supporting details for each topic sentence.
1. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables, along with regular exercise, is the key to a healthy life.
2. Hobbies like painting, gardening, and reading bring joy and relaxation to our lives.

1. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables, along with regular exercise, is the key to a healthy life: Fresh fruits and vegetables provide essential vitamins, minerals, and fiber that support the body’s overall health and immune system. Regular exercise strengthens muscles, improves cardiovascular health, and boosts mental well-being. Combining a nutritious diet with physical activity reduces the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease. This lifestyle also promotes better sleep, increased energy levels, and a sense of happiness.

2. Hobbies like painting, gardening, and reading bring joy and relaxation to our lives: Painting allows individuals to express creativity and emotions, creating a sense of accomplishment and peace. Gardening connects people with nature, offering physical activity and the therapeutic benefits of nurturing plants. Reading transports readers to new worlds, expands knowledge, and reduces stress through imaginative escapes. These hobbies serve as a wonderful way to unwind, recharge, and improve mental health.


Q5. As covered in Unit 8, using polite language when disagreeing is essential for effective communication. Rewrite the following sentences using polite expressions of disagreement:
Example:
Statement: Can you play cricket with me?
Disagreement: I would love to, but I have homework to finish.

1. Would you share your lunch with me?
"I wish I could, but I only have enough for myself today."

2. Please come to my birthday party next Saturday.
"Thank you for the invite! I’d love to come, but I already have plans for that day."

3. Could you lend me your favorite book?
"I’d like to, but my favorite book is really special to me, and I’d prefer to keep it for now."

4. Will you help me with my science project?
"I’d love to, but I have a busy schedule right now and may not be able to help effectively."

5. Pick up the groceries on your way home, please.
"I’d be glad to help, but I won’t be able to stop on my way home today."


Q6. As you've learned in Unit 9, Section A, sharing memories of past experiences can be a great way to connect with others. Think about a great day you've had and write a descriptive paragraph about what made it so special.

One of the most unforgettable days of my life was when my family planned a surprise picnic in a lush, green park on a sunny spring afternoon. The warmth of the sun, coupled with the gentle breeze, made the setting perfect for spending quality time together. We played games like badminton and Frisbee, which filled the air with laughter and cheer. Later, we shared a delicious homemade meal, the aroma of freshly baked cookies and sandwiches lingering as we enjoyed the feast. What made it truly special was the connection and joy of being together, creating memories that I still cherish to this day.


Q7. As covered in Unit 9, using your creativity to conclude a story can be a fun and imaginative task. Read the provided story below and predict its ending. Then, use your creative writing skills to craft a suitable conclusion.
Ali discovered a strange key in the park. It looked different, and Ali got curious about what it could open. While looking around, he found an old hidden door. To his surprise, the key fit perfectly, and the door opened……

Ali’s heart raced as the mysterious door creaked open, revealing a spiral staircase leading down into the earth. The air grew cooler with each step he took, and faint, glowing symbols illuminated the walls around him. At the bottom, Ali found a secret underground chamber filled with sparkling treasures and ancient artifacts. Among them was a worn journal that hinted at a lost civilization and described the key as "the gateway to their legacy." Determined to uncover the secrets of the civilization, Ali knew his adventure was just beginning. Armed with the journal and his courage, he stepped forward into the unknown, ready to embrace the thrilling quest ahead.


Q8. Read the article given below and answer the questions that follow.

Fireflies, or lightning bugs, are fascinating insects that brighten up the night with their natural light show. Belonging to the beetle family, these small creatures produce light through a process called bioluminescence, giving them a magical glow in the dark. Thriving in warm and humid environments such as meadows and gardens, fireflies utilize their light for communication and finding mates during their nightly escapades. Interestingly, each species has its unique light pattern, making them easily distinguishable. Observing fireflies on a summer evening is truly enchanting, adding a touch of magic to the surroundings. Beyond their captivating appearance, these insects play a crucial role in the ecosystem by naturally controlling pests.


1. What process enables fireflies to produce their distinctive light?
Fireflies produce their light through a process called bioluminescence.

2. Describe the types of environments where fireflies typically thrive.
Fireflies typically thrive in warm and humid environments such as meadows and gardens.

3. How do fireflies utilize their light during their nightly activities?
Fireflies utilize their light for communication and finding mates during their nightly activities.

4. What unique characteristic makes it easy to distinguish between different firefly species?
Each firefly species has its own unique light pattern, making it easy to distinguish them.

5. Beyond their captivating appearance, what important role do fireflies play in maintaining the ecosystem?
Fireflies play a crucial role in maintaining the ecosystem by naturally controlling pests.


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AIOU 0316 Solved Assignments Spring 2025

AIOU 0316 Islamiat Solved Assignment 1 Spring 2025


AIOU 0316 Assignment 1


سوال نمبر 1: عقیدہ توحید پر قرآن کریم کے استدلال پر جامع نوٹ لکھیں۔

عقیدہ توحید اسلام کا بنیادی عقیدہ ہے جو اللہ کی وحدانیت پر ایمان لانے کی تعلیم دیتا ہے۔ قرآن کریم میں متعدد آیات موجود ہیں جو اللہ کی وحدانیت کو ثابت کرتی ہیں، جیسے سورہ اخلاص کی آیات: "قُلْ هُوَ اللّٰهُ اَحَدٌ، اَللّٰهُ الصَّمَدُ، لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُوْلَدْ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَّهٗ كُفُوًا اَحَدٌ۔" اس آیت میں اللہ کی مکمل وحدانیت اور بے نیازی کو بیان کیا گیا ہے۔ اس کے علاوہ، قرآن کریم میں اللہ کی عظمت اور اس کی ذات کی گہرائی کو متعدد مقامات پر واضح کیا گیا ہے۔


سوال نمبر 2: فرشتوں پر ایمان لانے کا مقصد اور بڑے فرشتوں کے نام اور ان کا کام تحریر کریں۔

فرشتوں پر ایمان اسلام کے بنیادی عقائد میں شامل ہے۔ فرشتے اللہ کی نورانی مخلوق ہیں جو اس کے حکم پر عمل کرتے ہیں۔ ان کے نام اور کام درج ذیل ہیں: 1. جبریل علیہ السلام: اللہ کے احکام اور وحی کو نبیوں تک پہنچانے کا کام کرتے ہیں۔ 2. میکائیل علیہ السلام: رزق کی تقسیم اور دیگر قدرتی امور کا انتظام کرتے ہیں۔ 3. اسرافیل علیہ السلام: قیامت کے دن صور پھونکیں گے۔ 4. عزرائیل علیہ السلام: روح قبض کرنے والے فرشتے۔


سوال نمبر 3: عقیدہ آخرت کے ماننے سے انسانی زندگی پر جو اثرات مرتب ہوتے ہیں انہیں تحریر کریں۔

عقیدہ آخرت پر ایمان لانے سے انسان کی زندگی میں نیک اعمال کرنے کی تحریک پیدا ہوتی ہے۔ انسان کو یہ احساس ہوتا ہے کہ اس کے اعمال کا حساب قیامت کے دن ہوگا۔ یہ عقیدہ انسان کو گناہوں سے بچنے اور اچھے اخلاق اختیار کرنے پر مجبور کرتا ہے۔ آخرت پر ایمان سے زندگی میں انصاف، حق کے احترام، اور صبر و تحمل کے جذبات پیدا ہوتے ہیں۔


سوال نمبر 4: نماز کے بعد زکوٰۃ کی اہمیت، نصاب اور مصارف بیان کریں۔

زکوٰۃ اسلام کا دوسرا اہم رکن ہے جو مال کی پاکیزگی اور سماجی فلاح و بہبود کے لیے فرض کیا گیا ہے۔ زکوٰۃ کا نصاب یہ ہے کہ ساڑھے باون تولہ چاندی، ساڑھے سات تولہ سونا، یا اس کے برابر نقد رقم ہو تو زکوٰۃ واجب ہوتی ہے۔ زکوٰۃ کے مصارف فقیر، مسکین، عاملین زکوٰۃ، مؤلفۃ القلوب، غلاموں کی آزادی، قرضداروں کی مدد، اللہ کی راہ میں اور مسافروں کی امداد شامل ہیں۔


سوال نمبر 5: درج ذیل آیت کریمہ کا ترجمہ و تشریح کریں۔

اِنَّ اللّٰهَ یَاْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَ الْاِحْسَانِ وَ اِیْتَآئِ ذِی الْقُرْبٰى وَ یَنْهٰى عَنِ الْفَحْشَآءِ وَ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ الْبَغْیِۚ-یَعِظُكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُوْنَ(90)

ترجمہ: بےشک اللہ حکم فرماتا ہے انصاف اور نیکی اور رشتہ داروں کے دینے کا اور منع فرماتاہے بے حیائی اور بری بات اور سرکشی سے تمہیں نصیحت فرماتا ہے کہ تم دھیان کرو۔

یہ آیت قرآن کریم کی سورہ النحل کی آیت نمبر 90 ہے جو اخلاقیات کے بنیادی اصولوں کو بیان کرتی ہے۔ اس میں اللہ تعالیٰ نے انسانوں کو انصاف کرنے، نیکی کرنے، اور رشتہ داروں کی مدد کرنے کا حکم دیا ہے۔ انصاف کا مطلب ہے ہر معاملے میں حق کا ساتھ دینا اور دوسروں کے ساتھ منصفانہ سلوک کرنا، جبکہ نیکی کا مطلب ہے بغیر کسی غرض کے بھلائی اور اچھے اعمال کرنا۔ رشتہ داروں کی مدد انسان کو اپنے خاندان اور تعلقات کو مضبوط بنانے کی تلقین کرتی ہے۔ اس آیت میں اللہ تعالیٰ نے بے حیائی، برے کاموں، اور ظلم سے منع کیا ہے جو انسان کی روحانی اور معاشرتی ترقی میں رکاوٹ بن سکتے ہیں۔ آخر میں اللہ تعالیٰ نے فرمایا کہ یہ احکام نصیحت کے طور پر دیے گئے ہیں تاکہ انسان غور و فکر کرے اور ان پر عمل کرے۔ یہ آیت انسان کو ایک مثالی معاشرتی اور اخلاقی زندگی گزارنے کی ہدایت دیتی ہے۔


AIOU 0316 Islamiat Solved Assignment 2 Spring 2025


AIOU 0316 Assignment 2


سوال نمبر 1: تدوین حدیث کے تیسرے دور اور صحاح ستہ پر جامع نوٹ تحریر کریں۔

تدوین حدیث کا تیسرا دور وہ وقت تھا جب حدیث کی جمع و تدوین کو مکمل کیا گیا۔ اس دور میں علماء نے روایات کو ترتیب دیا اور صحیح احادیث کو اکٹھا کیا۔ اس دور کے سب سے اہم کارناموں میں صحاح ستہ کی تدوین شامل ہے، جن میں صحیح بخاری، صحیح مسلم، سنن ابی داؤد، سنن ترمذی، سنن نسائی، اور سنن ابن ماجہ شامل ہیں۔ ان کتب میں نبی کریم ﷺ کی تعلیمات کو محفوظ کیا گیا اور ان کی صداقت کو یقینی بنایا گیا۔ یہ کتب اسلامی علم کا ایک مستند ذریعہ ہیں۔


سوال نمبر 2: رحمت سے کیا مراد ہے؟ آپ ﷺ کی رحمت کے عام ہونے کا کیا مطلب ہے؟ نبی کریم ﷺ نے دشمن کو دوست بنانے کی کیا تدبیر سکھائی؟

رحمت کا مطلب نرمی، شفقت، محبت، اور ہمدردی ہے۔ نبی کریم ﷺ کی رحمت کا دائرہ صرف مسلمانوں تک محدود نہیں تھا بلکہ یہ تمام انسانوں اور مخلوقات کے لیے تھی۔ آپ ﷺ نے اپنے اخلاق اور حسن سلوک کے ذریعے دشمنوں کو دوست بنانے کا طریقہ سکھایا۔ آپ نے معاف کرنے، برداشت کرنے، اور محبت کا پیغام دیا۔ صلح حدیبیہ اور فتح مکہ آپ ﷺ کے کردار کے نمایاں مظاہر ہیں۔


سوال نمبر 3: دیانت داری اور ایفائے عہد پر علیحدہ علیحدہ نوٹ لکھیں۔

دیانت داری پر نوٹ: دیانت داری ایک ایسا اخلاقی اصول ہے جو سچائی، خلوص، اور انصاف پر مبنی ہے۔ یہ خوبی انسان کو معاملات میں ایمانداری اور صاف دلی سے کام لینے کی طرف راغب کرتی ہے۔ دیانت داری نہ صرف انفرادی زندگی میں اہم ہے بلکہ سماجی اور معاشرتی سطح پر بھی اس کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے۔ ایک دیانت دار فرد اپنی ذمہ داریوں کو احسن طریقے سے نبھاتا ہے اور اپنے قول و فعل میں کسی بھی قسم کا دھوکہ یا جھوٹ شامل نہیں کرتا۔ دیانت داری کا مظاہرہ کاروباری لین دین، رشتے، اور دیگر روزمرہ معاملات میں کیا جاتا ہے، اور یہ خوبی انسان کی عزت اور وقار کو بڑھاتی ہے۔
ایفائے عہد پر نوٹ: ایفائے عہد کا مطلب ہے وعدے کو پورا کرنا اور کسی معاہدے پر قائم رہنا۔ یہ ایک اہم اخلاقی اور قانونی اصول ہے جو اعتماد اور بھروسے کی بنیاد پر معاشرتی نظام کو مستحکم کرتا ہے۔ قرآن کریم میں ایفائے عہد کی تاکید کی گئی ہے، جیسے سورہ بنی اسرائیل میں ہے: "وَاَوْفُوْا بِالْعَهْدِ، اِنَّ الْعَهْدَ كَانَ مَسْـُٔـوْلًا۔" ایفائے عہد انسان کی سچائی اور خلوص کو ظاہر کرتا ہے۔ یہ خوبی ہر قسم کے تعلقات میں اہم ہے، چاہے وہ ذاتی ہوں یا پیشہ ورانہ۔ وعدے کو پورا کرنا انسان کی نیک نامی اور اعتماد کو بڑھاتا ہے اور دوسروں کے ساتھ مثبت تعلقات قائم رکھنے میں مددگار ثابت ہوتا ہے۔


سوال نمبر 4: شاگردوں کے حقوق (اساتذہ کے فرائض) پر جامع نوٹ تحریر کریں۔

شاگردوں کے حقوق میں شامل ہے کہ اساتذہ ان کو بہترین تعلیم دیں، ان کی رہنمائی کریں، اور ان کے ساتھ محبت اور شفقت سے پیش آئیں۔ استاد کا فرض ہے کہ وہ شاگردوں کی صلاحیتوں کو نکھارے اور ان کی اخلاقی تربیت کرے تاکہ وہ معاشرے کے مفید شہری بن سکیں۔ شاگردوں کی حوصلہ افزائی اور ان کی مشکلات کو حل کرنا اساتذہ کے اہم فرائض میں شامل ہے۔


سوال نمبر 5: اسلام میں عورت کی بحیثیت ماں کے مقام و مرتبہ پر مکمل و مدلل مضمون تحریر کریں۔

اسلام نے عورت کو اعلیٰ مقام دیا ہے۔ اسے ماں، بیوی، بیٹی، اور بہن کے طور پر عزت و احترام دیا گیا۔ قرآن و سنت میں عورت کے حقوق کی حفاظت کی گئی ہے۔ عورت کو وراثت، تعلیم، اور روزگار کے حقوق دیے گئے ہیں۔ نبی کریم ﷺ نے فرمایا: "جنت ماں کے قدموں کے نیچے ہے۔" یہ عورت کی عظمت کو ظاہر کرتا ہے۔ اسلام نے عورت کو ظلم و زیادتی سے نجات دی اور اسے معاشرتی وقار عطا کیا۔


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AIOU 0317 Solved Assignments Spring 2025

AIOU 0317 Pakistan Studies Solved Assignment 1 Spring 2025


AIOU 0317 Assignment 1


سوال نمبر 1: مطالعہ پاکستان کا دوسرے مضامین کے ساتھ تعلق واضح کریں۔

مطالعہ پاکستان ایک ایسا مضمون ہے جو پاکستان کی تاریخ، ثقافت، سیاست، اور معاشرتی پہلوؤں کا مطالعہ کرتا ہے۔ یہ مضمون دیگر مضامین جیسے تاریخ، جغرافیہ، سیاسیات، اور معاشرتی علوم کے ساتھ گہرا تعلق رکھتا ہے کیونکہ یہ پاکستان کی تشکیل، ترقی، اور موجودہ حالات کو سمجھنے میں مدد دیتا ہے۔ مطالعہ پاکستان کے ذریعے طلباء کو اپنے ملک کی اہمیت اور اس کے مختلف پہلوؤں کے بارے میں آگاہی حاصل ہوتی ہے۔

سوال نمبر 2: پاکستان کے طبعی خد و خال کے اہم سلسلے کون کون سے ہیں؟

پاکستان کے طبعی خد و خال میں کئی اہم سلسلے شامل ہیں جن میں ہمالیہ، قراقرم، اور ہندوکش کے پہاڑی سلسلے شامل ہیں۔ یہ پہاڑی سلسلے شمالی پاکستان میں واقع ہیں اور ملک کی جغرافیائی ساخت میں اہم کردار ادا کرتے ہیں۔ اس کے علاوہ، سندھ اور بلوچستان کے صحرائی علاقے بھی پاکستان کے طبعی خد و خال کا حصہ ہیں۔

سوال نمبر 3: مادی اور غیر مادی ثقافت پر نوٹ تحریر کریں۔

مادی ثقافت میں وہ تمام چیزیں شامل ہوتی ہیں جو انسان نے بنائی ہیں جیسے عمارتیں، لباس، آلات، اور دیگر اشیاء۔ غیر مادی ثقافت میں وہ تمام چیزیں شامل ہوتی ہیں جو انسان کے خیالات، عقائد، روایات، اور زبان سے متعلق ہوتی ہیں۔ مادی ثقافت انسان کی جسمانی ضروریات کو پورا کرتی ہے جبکہ غیر مادی ثقافت انسان کی روحانی اور ذہنی ضروریات کو پورا کرتی ہے۔

سوال نمبر 4: پاکستان کے فن تعمیر کے بارے میں آپ کیا جانتے ہیں؟

پاکستان کے فن تعمیر میں مختلف دوروں کی عمارتیں شامل ہیں جیسے مغل دور کی عمارتیں، برطانوی دور کی عمارتیں، اور جدید دور کی عمارتیں۔ مغل دور کی عمارتوں میں تاج محل، بادشاہی مسجد، اور لاہور قلعہ شامل ہیں۔ برطانوی دور کی عمارتوں میں کراچی کی فریئر ہال اور لاہور کی گورنر ہاؤس شامل ہیں۔ جدید دور کی عمارتوں میں فیصل مسجد اور مینار پاکستان شامل ہیں۔

سوال نمبر 5: پاکستان کی علاقائی زبانوں کے بارے میں آپ کیا جانتے ہیں؟

پاکستان میں مختلف علاقائی زبانیں بولی جاتی ہیں جن میں پنجابی، سندھی، پشتو، بلوچی، اور سرائیکی شامل ہیں۔ پنجابی زبان پنجاب میں بولی جاتی ہے، سندھی زبان سندھ میں، پشتو زبان خیبر پختونخواہ میں، بلوچی زبان بلوچستان میں، اور سرائیکی زبان جنوبی پنجاب میں بولی جاتی ہے۔ یہ زبانیں پاکستان کی ثقافتی تنوع کو ظاہر کرتی ہیں اور ہر زبان کی اپنی منفرد تاریخ اور ادب ہے۔


AIOU 0317 Pakistan Studies Solved Assignment 2 Spring 2025


AIOU 0317 Assignment 2


سوال نمبر 1: پاکستان میں ہڑپہ کی تہذیب پر مفصل نوٹ لکھیں۔

ہڑپہ کی تہذیب پاکستان کے صوبہ پنجاب میں دریائے راوی کے کنارے موجود ہے اور اسے دنیا کی قدیم ترین تہذیبوں میں شمار کیا جاتا ہے۔ یہ تہذیب 2600 قبل مسیح سے 1900 قبل مسیح تک عروج پر رہی۔ ہڑپہ کی تہذیب میں بہترین شہری منصوبہ بندی، نکاسی آب کا مربوط نظام، اور تجارتی سرگرمیاں شامل تھیں۔ وہاں کے لوگ زراعت، مویشی پالنے، اور دستکاری میں ماہر تھے۔ ہڑپہ کی تہذیب کے آثار میں مٹی کے برتن، مہریں، اور مضبوط تعمیرات شامل ہیں، جو اس کے لوگوں کی ترقی یافتگی کو ظاہر کرتے ہیں۔

سوال نمبر 2: سائمن کمیشن اور نہرو رپورٹ پر نوٹ لکھیں۔

سائمن کمیشن 1927 میں برطانوی حکومت نے ہندوستان میں آئینی اصلاحات کے مقصد سے بنایا، لیکن اس میں کسی ہندوستانی نمائندے کو شامل نہیں کیا گیا تھا، جس کی وجہ سے ہندوستانیوں نے اس کا سخت بائیکاٹ کیا۔ اس کے جواب میں، 1928 میں موتی لال نہرو کی قیادت میں نہرو رپورٹ پیش کی گئی، جو آئینی خاکہ فراہم کرتی تھی۔ اس رپورٹ میں ہندوستان کو ڈومینین سٹیٹس دینے کی تجویز پیش کی گئی۔

سوال نمبر 3: 1956ء کے دستور پر نوٹ لکھیں۔

1956ء کا آئین پاکستان کا پہلا آئینی دستاویز تھا، جو 23 مارچ 1956ء کو نافذ ہوا۔ اس آئین نے پاکستان کو اسلامی جمہوریہ قرار دیا اور پارلیمانی نظام حکومت قائم کیا۔ اس کے تحت صدر کو پانچ سال کے لیے منتخب کیا جاتا تھا۔ اس آئین نے بنیادی حقوق، صوبوں کی خودمختاری، اور عدلیہ کی آزادی کو شامل کیا، جو اس وقت کے لیے ایک اہم پیش رفت تھی۔

سوال نمبر 4: یحییٰ خان کے دور حکومت کو تفصیل سے بیان کریں۔

یحییٰ خان نے 1969ء میں ایوب خان کے استعفیٰ کے بعد حکومت سنبھالی۔ ان کے دور میں 1970ء کے انتخابات منعقد ہوئے جو تاریخ کے پہلے آزادانہ انتخابات تھے۔ ان انتخابات میں مشرقی پاکستان کی عوامی لیگ نے کامیابی حاصل کی، لیکن وہاں علیحدگی کی تحریک زور پکڑ گئی۔ بالآخر، 1971ء میں مشرقی پاکستان بنگلہ دیش کے طور پر آزاد ہو گیا، جو یحییٰ خان کی حکومت کا ایک بڑا واقعہ تھا۔

سوال نمبر 5: پاکستان میں انسانی حقوق کی خلاف ورزیوں کا جائزہ لیں۔

پاکستان میں انسانی حقوق کی خلاف ورزیاں مختلف شعبوں میں دیکھی جاتی ہیں، جیسے خواتین کے حقوق کی پامالی، بچوں سے مزدوری کروانا، مذہبی اقلیتوں کے ساتھ امتیازی سلوک، اور آزادی اظہار پر پابندیاں۔ انسانی حقوق کی تنظیمیں ان مسائل کو اجاگر کرتی ہیں اور حکومت بھی ان مسائل پر قابو پانے کے لیے مختلف اقدامات کرتی ہے، لیکن مزید بہتری کی ضرورت ہے۔


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AIOU 1339 Solved Assignment 2 Spring 2025

AIOU 1339 Basics of Accounting Solved Assignment 2 Spring 2025


AIOU 1339 Assignment 2


Q1. Enter the following transactions in the Sales Book and post them into the Ledger.July 2013.
1 July 2013 Sold goods to Bashir and Sons Rs.5150/-.
10 July 2013 Goods sold to Zamir and Co. Rs.7125/-.
15 July 2013 Forwarded goods to Nazir Rs.1850/-.
20 July 2013 Delivered the Second instalment of goods to Bashir and Sons Rs.2150/-.
25 July 2013 Sold goods to Nazir Rs.1575/-.
31 July 2013 Sold goods to Ahmad’s sons Rs.350/-
(20 Marks)

Sales Book
Date Customer Amount (Rs.)
1 July 2013 Bashir and Sons 5,150
10 July 2013 Zamir and Co. 7,125
15 July 2013 Nazir 1,850
20 July 2013 Bashir and Sons 2,150
25 July 2013 Nazir 1,575
31 July 2013 Ahmad's Sons 350

(20 Marks)


(20 Marks)


(20 Marks)


(20 Marks)


AIOU 1339 Solved Assignment 1 Spring 2025
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AIOU 1339 Solved Assignment 1 Spring 2025

AIOU 1339 Basics of Accounting Solved Assignment 1 Spring 2025


AIOU 1339 Assignment 1


Q1. Fill in the Blank.(20 Marks)

  1. The main objective of any business is to earn profit and expansion.
  2. All those economic activities other than business aimed to earn profit are called profession.
  3. Partnership is the voluntary association of more than one person who contributes money and talent to carry on a business.
  4. Corporation is a business unit that is legally separate from its owners.
  5. The investment of cash or other assets in the business by the owner is called capital.
  6. Economic event that can be objectively measured in terms of money is called transaction.
  7. Withdraw of cash or other assets from business by the owner for personal use is called drawings.
  8. Purchase is of two types: cash purchase and credit purchase.
  9. Trade Discount is not written in the books of accounts.
  10. Liabilities are the claims against the assets of the business.
  11. The written evidence of a transaction is called voucher/document.

Q2. Identify the correct and incorrect statements.(20 Marks)

1. Incorrect: In bookkeeping there is no importance of proper records.
Corrected: Proper records are of utmost importance in bookkeeping.

2. Incorrect: There is no relation between transaction and bookkeeping.
Corrected: Bookkeeping records all transactions systematically, indicating a direct relation.

3. Correct: Trading institutions can find out their profit or loss by bookkeeping.

4. Incorrect: Due to complexity manufacturing institutions can work without an accountant.
Corrected: Manufacturing institutions often require an accountant due to complexity.

5. Incorrect: Business institutions have no direction from the government to keep proper books of accounts.
Corrected: Business institutions are often directed by the government to maintain proper books of accounts.

6. Incorrect: Business does not mean all those activities aim to earn profit.
Corrected: Business refers to activities aimed at earning profit.

7. Correct: Medical practice is an occupation, not a business.

8. Incorrect: In partnership only a single person is the owner of the business.
Corrected: In partnership, more than one person contributes and shares ownership of the business.

9. Correct: A single organization is also called a sole proprietorship.

10. Correct: Payment of salaries to employees is also a transaction.


Q3. Mr. Hamza started his own business. He executed the following transaction in the first month of his business. April 2024(20 Marks)

Date Details Assets (Cash, Furniture, Building, Bank, Inventory) Liabilities Owner's Equity
01-Apr Business started with cash, furniture, building Cash Rs.250,000 + Furniture Rs.200,000 + Building Rs.800,000 = Rs.1,250,000 Rs.0 Rs.1,250,000
02-Apr Opened bank account with Rs.80,000 cash Bank Rs.80,000, Cash Rs.170,000 Rs.0 Rs.1,250,000
03-Apr Office expenses paid (Rs.1,000) Cash Rs.169,000 Rs.0 Rs.1,249,000
05-Apr Stationery purchased (Rs.50) Cash Rs.168,950 Rs.0 Rs.1,248,950
07-Apr Goods purchased Rs.15,000 (cash Rs.5,000) Inventory Rs.15,000, Cash Rs.163,950 Rs.10,000 (credit purchase) Rs.1,248,950
10-Apr Cash withdrawn from bank for office use Rs.8,000 Cash Rs.171,950, Bank Rs.72,000 Rs.10,000 Rs.1,248,950
13-Apr Sold goods Rs.15,000, Carriage paid Rs.200 Cash Rs.186,750 (increased by Rs.15,000 - Rs.200), Inventory reduces Rs.10,000 Rs.1,263,750
21-Apr Cash received from Tanveer & Co Rs.2,000 Cash Rs.188,750 Rs.10,000 Rs.1,265,750
24-Apr Advertisement expense Rs.1,000 (cheque issued) Bank Rs.71,000 Rs.10,000 Rs.1,264,750
28-Apr Withdrawn Rs.8,000 for personal use (Drawings) Bank Rs.63,000 Rs.10,000 Rs.1,256,750
31-Apr Goods worth Rs.500 given as charity Inventory reduces by Rs.500 Rs.10,000 Rs.1,256,250

Final Summary:

Assets (Cash + Bank + Furniture + Building + Inventory): Rs.1,266,950
Cash: Rs.188,750, Bank: Rs.63,000, Furniture: Rs.200,000, Building: Rs.800,000, Inventory: Rs.15,000 - Rs.500 (charity)

Liabilities: Rs.10,000 (due for goods purchased)

Owner's Equity: Rs.1,256,250

The equation balances: Assets (1,266,950) = Liabilities (10,000) + Owner's Equity (1,256,250).


Q4. Akber Ali informs you that the transactions occurred during May 2024, the first month of business operations.(20 Marks)

a) Prepare the General Journal

Date Account Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Explanation
May 1 Cash 15,000 Owner’s investment in business.
May 1 Equipment 4,000 Owner’s investment in business.
Owner’s Equity 19,000
May 1 Property 39,000 Acquired property.
May 1 Land 20,000 Acquired land.
Cash 5,000 Paid in cash.
Notes Payable 54,000 Balance paid via note payable.
May 2 Property Insurance Expense 1,500 Premium paid for May.
Cash 1,500
May 3 Supplies 500 Supplies purchased.
Equipment 6,000 Equipment purchased.
Accounts Payable 6,500 Purchase on account.
May 15 Cash 5,600 Professional services performed, cash received.
Accounts Receivable 2,430 Billed to clients for services performed.
Service Revenue 8,030
May 16 Accounts Payable 1,800 Paid creditors on account.
Cash 1,800
May 20 Accounts Payable 240 Returned portion of supplies.
Supplies 240
May 22 Cash 1,880 Cash received from clients on account.
Accounts Receivable 1,880
May 31 Utility Expense 500 Paid utility bill.
Cash 500
May 31 Salaries Expense 3,000 Paid monthly salaries.
Cash 3,000
May 31 Accounts Receivable 4,900 Services performed, payment due within 30 days.
Service Revenue 4,900

b) Ledger Accounts

Cash Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 1 Owner's Investment 15,000 15,000
May 1 Property Purchase (part) 5,000 10,000
May 2 Insurance Premium Paid 1,500 8,500
May 15 Service Revenue (Cash) 5,600 14,100
May 16 Payment to Creditors 1,800 12,300
May 22 Cash from Clients 1,880 14,180
May 31 Utility Payment 500 13,680
May 31 Salaries Paid 3,000 10,680

Equipment Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 1 Owner's Investment 4,000 4,000
May 3 Equipment Purchase (on Account) 6,000 10,000

Property Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 1 Property Purchase 39,000 39,000

Supplies Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 3 Supplies Purchased 500 500
May 20 Supplies Returned 240 260

Accounts Payable Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 3 Supplies/Equipment Purchased 6,500 6,500
May 16 Payment to Creditors 1,800 4,700
May 20 Supplies Returned 240 4,460

Accounts Receivable Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 15 Services Billed to Clients 2,430 2,430
May 22 Cash Received from Clients 1,880 550
May 31 Additional Billing 4,900 5,450

Land Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 1 Land Purchase 20,000 20,000

Service Revenue Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 15 Services Performed 8,030 8,030
May 31 Additional Services Billed 4,900 12,930

Property Insurance Expense Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 2 Premium Paid for May 1,500 1,500

Utility Expense Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 31 Paid Utility Bill 500 500

Salaries Expense Ledger
Date Details Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.) Balance (Rs.)
May 31 Monthly Salaries Paid 3,000 3,000

c) Trial Balance

Trial Balance as of May 31, 2024
Account Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.)
Cash 10,680
Equipment 10,000
Property 39,000
Land 20,000
Supplies 260
Accounts Receivable 5,450
Property Insurance Expense 1,500
Utility Expense 500
Salaries Expense 3,000
Accounts Payable 4,460
Notes Payable 54,000
Service Revenue 12,930
Owner's Equity 19,000
Total 90,390 90,390

Q5. Define the journal and describe the subsidiary journal with examples of each journal.(20 Marks)

A journal in accounting, often called the "book of original entry," is where all financial transactions are first recorded. These entries are made in chronological order, detailing the date, accounts involved, amounts, and a brief description of the transaction.

Subsidiary Journals
Subsidiary journals are specialized journals designed to record specific types of transactions. These simplify the accounting process by categorizing entries, making it easier to locate and analyze financial information. Here are the main types, along with examples:

1. Sales Journal: Records credit sales of goods or services. Example: On April 1st, Company A sold merchandise on credit to Customer X for $4,000.

2. Purchases Journal: Documents credit purchases of goods or inventory. Example: On April 2nd, Company A purchased raw materials on credit from Supplier Y for $3,500.

3. Cash Receipts Journal: Tracks all cash inflows. Example: On April 3rd, Company A received $2,000 in cash from Customer Z.

4. Cash Payments Journal: Captures all cash outflows or payments. Example: On April 4th, Company A paid $1,200 in cash for office supplies.

5. General Journal: Used for transactions that don't fit into specialized journals, like adjustments or unique entries. Example: On April 5th, depreciation of equipment amounting to $500 was recorded.

These journals not only help organize financial records but also streamline the process of posting entries to the ledger, ensuring accuracy and efficiency in accounting practices.



AIOU 1339 Solved Assignment 2 Spring 2025
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