AIOU 221 Functional English-II Solved Assignment 1 Spring 2025
AIOU 221 Assignment 1
Q1. In Unit 1, ‘Talking about Shopping’, you have learnt the correct quantity of things that you want to buy from a bakery, a grocery store and a cloth shop. Write the correct quantity of each of the following items:
Example: Bananas: Half a dozen bananas.(10 Marks)
- Silk - A meter or yard
- Sliced Cheese - A pack
- Desi Ghee - A kilogram or liter
- Chocolate - A bar or box
- Juice - A carton or bottle
- Sweater - One sweater
- Flowers - A bouquet
- Onion - A kilogram
- Apples - A dozen
- Mutton - Half a kilogram or a kilogram
Q2. Listen to the Recorded Text 2 in unit 1 carefully where there is a conversation between a customer and a salesman. Tick (✓) only those items that the shopper buys.(10 Marks)
| S.No | Items | Items that the Shopper buys |
|---|---|---|
| i | Apple juice | ✗ |
| ii | Mango juice | ✗ |
| iii | Tea bags | ✗ |
| iv | Coffee | ✓ |
| v | Pistachios | ✗ |
| vi | Desi ghee | ✓ |
| vii | Jam (Strawberry) | ✓ |
| viii | Butter | ✗ |
| ix | Almonds | ✗ |
| x | Raisins | ✗ |
| xi | Soaps | ✗ |
| xii | Peanuts | ✗ |
| xiii | Milk | ✓ |
| xiv | Pineapples | ✓ |
Q3. In unit 1 you have studied ‘Countable Nouns and Uncountable Nouns’. Read the nouns given in the box and then separate countable and uncountable nouns and write each in their respective columns.(10 Marks)
| Countable Nouns | Uncountable Nouns |
|---|---|
| Mangoes | Kheer |
| Potatoes | Flour |
| Biscuit | Tea |
| Onion | Hair |
| Pins | Juice |
| Plants | Salt |
| Clothes | Beef |
| Books | Butter |
| Petrol | |
| Cream | |
| Milk | |
| Oil |
Q4. In unit 2, page 28 you have read about ‘Giving Suggestions’. Solve exercise 3 in which you give suggestions to the people who suffer from the following problems.(10 Marks)
-
Problem: I drink tap water so I often suffer from diarrhea.
Suggestion: Avoid drinking tap water. Instead, drink boiled or filtered water to reduce the risk of diarrhea. -
Problem: I smoke too many cigarettes, and I have a sore throat.
Suggestion: Try to quit smoking or reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke. Consult a doctor for help, and consider using throat lozenges or warm saltwater gargles to soothe your throat. -
Problem: There are too many mosquitoes and flies in my house.
Suggestion: Use mosquito nets, repellents, or insecticides. Keep your surroundings clean and remove any standing water where mosquitoes breed. -
Problem: I have a rash on my body that is very irritating.
Suggestion: Apply a soothing cream or calamine lotion and avoid scratching the rash. If it persists, seek medical advice to identify the cause. -
Problem: My child is very weak and feels tired all the time.
Suggestion: Ensure your child has a balanced diet rich in nutrients, encourage physical activity, and consult a doctor to check for any underlying health issues.
Q5. Read the text on page 37, Unit 2 carefully. Then answer the following questions:(10 Marks)
1. List the three main kinds of foods.
i) Carbohydrates
ii) Fats
iii) Proteins
2. Why do children need more nourishment than adults?
Children are more active and use more energy compared to adults. They need carbohydrates for energy and proteins for growth and cell repair.
3. What causes weak bones and bowlegs?
A lack of vitamin D causes weak bones and may lead to bow legs.
4. What is scurvy?
Scurvy is a condition where a slight knock causes bleeding under the skin. It is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C.
5. How can babies be prevented from scurvy?
Babies can be prevented from scurvy by giving them vitamins through orange juice. This provides them with the necessary vitamin C to avoid the condition.
Q6. Write a short paragraph (approximately100 words) on any of the following topics:(15 Marks)
1. Importance of Polio vaccination for children.
Polio vaccination is crucial for protecting children from the devastating effects of poliomyelitis, a highly contagious viral disease that can lead to permanent paralysis or even death. Children are particularly vulnerable to this disease, which spreads through contaminated water and food. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent polio, as it builds immunity and stops the virus from spreading. Global efforts to eradicate polio have already made significant progress, and widespread vaccination campaigns have brought us closer to a polio-free world. By ensuring every child receives the polio vaccine, parents contribute to the larger goal of safeguarding entire communities and breaking the cycle of transmission. Early vaccination not only protects individual children but also helps achieve public health milestones, preventing the resurgence of a disease that has caused immense suffering in the past. Together, we can make a lasting impact and protect future generations.
2. Advantages of regular walking.
Regular walking offers numerous health and lifestyle benefits, making it one of the simplest yet most effective forms of physical activity. Walking boosts cardiovascular health by improving circulation, reducing the risk of heart disease, and lowering blood pressure. It also supports weight management by burning calories, enhancing metabolism, and strengthening muscles. Beyond physical health, walking contributes to mental well-being by relieving stress, improving mood, and boosting energy levels. This low-impact exercise is suitable for people of all ages and fitness levels, providing an accessible way to stay active without requiring expensive equipment or gym memberships. Additionally, walking outdoors allows individuals to connect with nature, which can be refreshing and inspiring. Whether it’s a brisk walk in the morning or a leisurely stroll in the evening, incorporating walking into daily routines promotes a healthier and happier lifestyle while fostering a sense of balance and harmony.
Q7. Listen and read recorded text 5 in Unit 3, page 44. After listening to Mrs. Waseem’s talk, answer the following questions:(15 Marks)
1. Where would one find a crowd?
One would find a crowd in buses, parks, and bazaars as mentioned by Mrs. Waseem.
2. Mrs Waseem uses two words that mean the same as overpopulation, can you write these two words?
The two words are "overcrowded" and "crowded."
3. What are the different kinds of pollution Mrs Waseem mentions?
Mrs. Waseem mentions air pollution, water pollution, and pollution from sewerage.
4. What are the reasons Mrs Waseem gives for pollution in the country?
i) Overpopulation.
ii)Industrial waste and smoke.
iii)Increasing transport leading to noise and poisonous fumes.
iv)New inventions such as plastic bags and poisonous chemicals.
5. What did Mrs Waseem say about sewerage?
Mrs. Waseem explains that sewerage is the dirty waste carried away from houses and buildings through underground pipes, which eventually pollutes canals and rivers.
Q8. Read Unit 3, which is about ‘Cause and Effect’. Now write five different pairs of sentences similar to the ones given in the example. Use words such as therefore, so, because.
For Example:
Effect: “It was terribly hot, so I couldn’t go out”.
Cause: “I couldn’t go out because it was terribly hot”.(10 Marks)
1) Effect: "He was late to school, so he missed the assembly."
Cause: "He missed the assembly because he was late to school."
2) Effect: "The streets were flooded, so we had to cancel our picnic."
Cause: "We had to cancel our picnic because the streets were flooded."
3) Effect: "She studied all night, so she aced her test."
Cause: "She aced her test because she studied all night."
4) Effect: "The power went out, so the movie night was ruined."
Cause: "The movie night was ruined because the power went out."
5) Effect: "I forgot my umbrella, so I got drenched in the rain."
Cause: "I got drenched in the rain because I forgot my umbrella."
Q9. Read exercise 3 in Unit 3, and write the definitions of the following words. Consult a dictionary to help you write their definitions.(10 Marks)
- Garbage: Waste material or items that are discarded as useless or unwanted, typically generated from households, industries, or public places. Examples include food scraps, plastic, and paper waste.
- Ozone Layer: A protective layer of ozone gas located in the Earth's stratosphere, which absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun, safeguarding life on Earth.
- Greenhouse Effect: A natural process where certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat, keeping the planet warm. Excessive accumulation of these gases, such as carbon dioxide, leads to climate change.
- Global Warming: The increase in Earth's average temperature due to rising levels of greenhouse gases, causing severe environmental changes such as melting ice caps and extreme weather patterns.
- Environmental Hazard: Any event, substance, or condition that poses a threat to the environment or human health, such as pollution, deforestation, and natural disasters.
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